Parts of Speech
1. Nouns
A thing, place, person or feeling -
e.g. sword, home, father, anger.
They have a declension (1 to 5); case; number (singular or plural); gender (m, f or n)
2. Adjectives
Describe a noun -
e.g. big, happy, strong, terrible
They have a declension (1 + 2, or 3); case, number, gender, degree (positive, comparative, superlative)
3. Verbs
doing words -
e.g. I love, he hated, she was killed
They have a conjugation (1, 2, 3, 4, mixed, irregular); person (1, 2, 3); number; tense (present, future, etc), mood (indicative, imperative, subjunctive, participle, infinitive); Voice (active and passive)
4. Adverbs
describe the verb -
e.g. greatly, quickly, soon, for a long time, immediately
5. Prepositions
placed in front of a noun taking either accusative or ablative
e.g. into, from, by, with, through
6. Conjunctions
Joining words -
e.g. and, but
7. Pronouns
Replace nouns and there are different types:
Personal I, you, he, etc
Relative who, which
Demonstrative this, that
8. Interjections
e.g. Look! Gosh! Alas! (ecce)